SPAR
is a type of floating oil platform which is generally used to carry
out offshore drilling activities in ultra deep water regions. It is a
vertical floating platform which is moored by a semi-taut mooring
system. A SPAR platform comprises of a large diameter and a single
vertical cylinder that supports the deck. The cylinder is filled with
a material which is denser than water and lowers the centre of
gravity of the platform and provides stability. The cylinder is
normally located at the bottom of a chamber. They are anchored to the
sea bed by way of the spread mooring system through a chain wire or
by a chain polyester composition.
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SPARs
are segmented on the basis of their types such as cell spar, classic
spar and the truss spar. Cell spar comprises of a large central
cylinder which is surrounded by small cylinders of various lengths.
At the bottom of the long cylinders is the soft tank that contains
the heavy ballasting material which is almost same as that of a truss
spar.
Presently,
only one cell spar is in operation worldwide. Truss spar contains a
short cylindrical hard tank in comparison with a classic spar and has
a truss structure connected at the bottom of hard tank. At the bottom
of the truss structure lays a relatively small square shaped soft
tank that contains the heavy ballasting material. Majorly, truss
spars are generally used to carry out offshore drilling activities of
this type. The classic spar comprises of the cylindrical hull with
the heavy ballast at the bottom of the cylinder.
The
torso of the SPAR platform is further segmented into four divisions.
Besides, from the uppermost portion that is visible over the surface
of the water, there are other three components that demarcate the
entire construction of the spar platforms; first component provides
the required buoyant thrust to keep the platform raised above the
water’s surface. The second segment of the platform provides the
storing facilities required to store the extracted crude oil. A third
section of the platform provides the required ballasting to carry out
drilling activities. Thus, it helps in the construction to be solidly
moored while providing better stability especially from tides and
harsh water.
Neptune
spar was the first spar designed for carrying out oil and gas
production in the Gulf of Mexico. It was installed in September 1996
by Kerr McGee. The world's deepest production platform is Perdido, a
truss spar installed in the Gulf of Mexico with a water depth of more
than 2,300 meters. It is owned by Royal Dutch Shell Plc and was
manufactured at a cost of USD 3 billion.
Emerging
economies, growing population and rapid industrialization are some of
the key drivers of the single point anchor reservoir (SPAR) market.
However, high costs and long time required to manufacture the single
point anchor reservoir can hamper the growth of the market. The ample
amount of opportunities lies for single point anchor reservoir owing
to a large number of upcoming drilling projects in offshore regions.
Some
of the key players in the business of SPARs are Hyundai Heavy
Industries, Samsung Heavy Industries Co.Ltd, Teekay Corporation, SBM
Offshore N.V, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Technip S.A and Bumi
Armada Berhad among others.
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- Europe
- Rest of the World
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profiles of top industry players. The report also includes a review
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and new entrants along with detailed value chain analysis.
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